Fig. 3

Exemplary courses of a substrate concentration measured by online UV–VIS and faradaic efficiency (assuming 100% pinacolization) vs. charge, b molecular weight distributions measured by SEC vs. charge, c weight averaged and number averaged molar mass and polydispersity vs. charge, d weight averaged and number averaged molar mass vs. conversion measured by online UV–VIS. Parameters: 50 mM initial divanillin concentration, 9 mA cm⁻², 20 cm s⁻¹ and γ = 0.5. Error bars indicate standard deviations of 3 experiments up to 4 F mol⁻¹ and 4 experiments up to 8 F mol.⁻¹